VIT STUDY

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN JAVA AND C AND C++

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BENEFITS OF OOP IN JAVA

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FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF A COMPUTER

By somasankara

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A computer consist of five functionally independent main components they are:

Input Unit
Memory Unit
Arithmetic & Logic Unit
Output Unit
Control Unit

The input unit accept the coded information from human operations from electrical devices such as keyboard or from other computer over digitized communication lines the information receive or immediately used by the arithmetic & logic circuits to perform the desired operations the process steps are determined by a program stored in the memory finally the results are sent back to the outside world through the output unit all of these actions are controlled by the control unit

The following diagram shows the connections among the functional units

Input Unit

The input unit accepts the coded information through the input devices which records the data. The most commonly using input device is keyboard whenever a key is pressed, the corresponding letter or digit is automatically translated into its corresponding binary or to the processor many other kinds of input devices are available including mouse, trackball, joystick etc. These are used as graphical input devices mirophones can be used to give the audio input.

Memory Unit

The functions of memory unit is to store the program and data depending upon the size and storage capacity memory is classified into two types such as

Primary Memory
Secondary Memory

Primary Memory

It is the first memory that operates at electronic speed program must be stored in the memory while they are being executed. The memory contains large number of semi conductors, Storage cells, each cell is capable of storing one bit of information

To access word of data easily from memory, distinct address are associated with each word addresses are numbers that identifies the successive location by using these addresses, we can easily retrive the data which is already store

The primary memory is classified into two types such as:

Random Access Memory (RAM)
Read Only Memory(ROM)

Secondary Memory

Since primary memory is expresive and storage capacity is less hence secondary memory is used for these purpose which can store large amount of data permanently and can be accessed easily as and when required by the user

Arithmetic & Logic Unit

The arithmetic & logic unit allows the user perform arithmetic calculations and logical operations must computer operations are executed in ALU after the processor the operands are stored in right speed elements

Memory Access Time

The time required to access one word from the memory is called memory accesss type.

Output Unit

The task of output unit is to send processed information or results to the outside world. The most familier example for such output devices are monitors, printers, speakers, projectors etc..

Control Unit

The above four units stores and process the information perform I/O operations. Data transfer between the processor and the memory are controlled by control unit through timming signals.

The computer accepts the information in the form of programs and data through an input unit and stores it in memory
Information stored in the memory is fetched under program control into an arthematic & logic unit where it is processed
Processed information leaves the computer through the output unit
All activities inside the machine are directed by the control unit

Note : A bit of instructions that perform a specific task is called program. The computers are completely controlled by the stored programs.

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COMPUTER AND TYPES OF COMPUTERS

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Definition Of Computer

A computer is a fast electronic calculating machine. Which accepts the digitized information process it according to the internally stored instruction and procedure the results as output to the end user.

Types Of Computer

Depending upon various factors such as size, speed, storage space, cost etc. Computers are broadly classified into five types they are:

Personal Computers
Portable Network Computers (Laptops)
Work Stations
Enterprise Computers and Servers
Super Computer

* Personal Computer

It is the most common form of desktop computer that has processing and storage unit, visual display and audio units, keyboard that can be arranged easily in a home or office personal computers are widely used in homes, schools, business, offices, organizations etc...
Eg: Descktop

* Portable Network Computers

These are the compact version of desktop computers. All of the external devices which are in personal computers are packed into a single unit with the size of the thin brief case.
Eg: Laptops

* Work Station

It has the high resolution graphic I/O capability. It has more computational power than personal computers. These computers are used in engineering applications especially for designing work.

* Enterprise Computers and Servers

Beyond the work station a range of large and very powerful computer system exist are called " Enterprises Computer and Servers". These enterprise computers are mainframed used for business data processing in medium to large corporation whichrequires more computing power and storage capacity than work station

Servers contains sizable database storage units that can handle large volume of request to access the data and responses are usually transported over the internet communication facilities.

* Super Computers

These are used for large scale of numerical calculations required in applications such as weather forecasting and aircraft design.

Latest Posts

Differences Between Java and C

Differences Between Java and C++

Applications of OOP

Input Unit

Memory Unit

Primary Memory

Secondary Memory

Arithmetic & Logic Unit

Memory Access Time

Output Unit

Control Unit

Definition Of Computer

Types Of Computer

* Personal Computer

* Portable Network Computers

* Work Station

* Enterprise Computers and Servers

* Super Computers

* Communication Tool

* Teaching Aid

* Information Tool

* E-governance

Highest Common Factor (H.C.F)

Least Common Factor (L.C.M)

Some of the features of object oriented approaches are:

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